Panoramic camera.



Patented Aug. 26, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. A. REEVES.

PANDRAMIG CAMERA.

APPLIGATION FILED 2313.8, 190s.

J. A. REEVES.

. PANORAMIG CAMERA. APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 1906.

1,071,346, Patented Aug. 26, 1913 s SHEETS-SHEET z.

J. A. REEVES.

PANOEAMIG CAMERA. APPLIGATION FILED PERB, 190e.

Patented Aug. 26, 1913.

3. T E ...n H A S T E E H S 6 J. A. REEVES.

PANOEAMIG CAMERA.

APPLICATION PIL'ED 113.8, 190e.

Patented Aug. 26, 1913. v

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

J'. A, REEVES.

PANORAMIG CAMERA.

APPLICATION FILED PERB, 1906l 1,071,346, Patented Aug.26, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

' J. A. RBBVBS. PANOBAMIC CAMERA. APELICATION FILED FEB. 8, 1906.

Patented Aug. 26,1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

4UNITED STATES PigENT OFFICE.

Join: A. mamas', or cinema, rumors, assioma fro alternan Konex co., or'

ROGHESTER, NEW YORK A @meenemen r New roar l PANDRAMIC canaria.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

To all 'u1/omit may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN A. REEVES, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Panoramic Cameras, of which the follwing is aspecification. 4 My inventionv relates to what are known as panoramiccameras and the object thereof is to produce a simple andA eiiicientcamera of this character having many -novel and advantageous features ofconstruction, as will be hereinafter made' apparent.

In the drawings, Figure l is an enlarged central longitudinal section ofmy panoramic camera-g Figs. 2, 3 and 4 sectional plans on the lines 2,3, and 4, respectively, of Fig. l but on a reduced scale; Fig.v 5 across section on t-he line 5 5 lof Fig. 6; Fig. 6 a cross section on theline6 of Fig. l but on a reduced scale; Fig. 7 a rear elevation of aportion of my 'camera illustrating certain of the adjustments; Fig. 8 anelevation of a portion of the rear door of the camera illust-rating thefilm spool; Fig. 9 a. plan view of the parts illustrated in Fig. 8; andFig. 10a perspective view of the film receiving'spool; Fig. l1 detailviews of the adjusting nuts and associated parts; and Fig. 12a planview, on a reduced scale, of the top of the camera-box.

Referring to the present embodiment of my inventionf as hereinillustrated, the camera box or case 1 is provided as usual at its frontend with a lens 2 and such box is vprovided with a vertical'partition 3toward the middle portion thereof, so as to provide a compartment 4, inwhich the film is arranged, this compartment being openable at the backby the provision of a door or closure 5, as illustrated in Figs l, 6, 8and 9. The mechanism hereinafter described, which swings or revolves theentire camera is arranged in the lower portion of the camera box andbelow a false bottom or partition 6 therein, as clearly indicated inFig. 1.

According to my construction, the lens is always open and is neitherprovided with the usual lens shutter nor with a cap to be removed andreplaced in'tlie'operation of the camera, but for governing Atheexposure I provide a shutter which controls the vertical opening or slot3a in the partition 3, Fig. 6, and in the present instance I `cause thisshutter to be .automatically operated, with the result that the operatoris entirely relieved of the duty of working the shutter. This shutter 7consists of a thin strip of suitable material, such as thin partition 3and engaging the shutter, as indicated in Fig. 6. v .When the bell crankis rocked in the manner hereinafter described the shutter is opened andclosed. My shutter is such as to obtain all the advantages of the wellknown focal plane type of shutter.

The lm is arranged in the4 compartment 4 and is adapted to be passed bythe eX- posing slot in automatic manner and to be wound upon a receivingspool. to the present construction, the unexposed 'film is mounted upona spool 10, Fig. 8,

which issecured in suitable manner to the inside of the door 5 of thecamera. In order that'the camera may be enabled to receive differentwidths of film, whereby the range of usefulness of the cameravmay beconsiderably increased, the spool is mounted' at its ends to rotate in apair ofbrackets 11, whose free ends are` formed as slides adjustablevertically in'one direction or the other upon a vertical slide plate12,' which is secured to the inner sidev of the door 5. For the purposeof applying ten'- sion to the film, I provide a spring plate 13 securedat one end to the slide plate l2 with its free end, in position to presswith a yielding pressure upon the outer surface of the 100 film as it isbeing paid out. These slides 11 are held in their adjustedv posit-ion inany suitable manner, as4 by means of set screws'll. It'iwillbeunderstood that any size' of film. within Ithelimits of the slide 105 vv plate l2 may bel employed my camera, with the result. that 4a,lsingle. camera is, adapted for use in connection .wit-ha considerablerange of width of lilium, Y

Thevfilmv winding spool is arranged with- 110 Patented Aue 26,1313

sheet metal, Which is arranged to slide upon (lo.

ACCOrding I i in the compartment 4 and is adapted to be automaticallyrotated at the proper rate by the power mechanism in a mannerhereinafter described. In the present instance and by preference, Iprovide in connection with this winding spool a receiving spool arrangedwithin the winding spool and to which the exposed lm may be receivedfrom the winding spool by certain manipulations of the operator, ashereinafter described.

The winding spool is in the form of a drum or cylinder 14 and the samewill be hereinafter referred to as the winding drum or cylinder, inorder to distinguish it from the receiving spool 15 arranged within thecylinder or drum and formed somewhat similar to the film spool 10. Thewinding drum or cylinder may be made of any suitable material and isprovided with a cylindrical bore open at top and bottom and with alongitudinal side slot 14a, as seen in Fig.

6. As shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the winding drum is provided at its lowerend with a bearing member or spider 16 having an end ratchet 17 in orderthat the same may be driven by a corresponding end ratchet 18 secured toa vertical shaft or arbor 19 which is driven by -the power mechanism inthe manner hereinafter explained. It will be evident that when the freeend of the film is secured to the winding drum, or rather to thereceiving spool therein, the iilm as exposed will be automatically woundupon the outside of the winding drum or cylinder. The receiving spoolwhich is arranged within the winding drum, comprises a spool propermarked 15, on which the film is arranged to be wound and having theusual longitudinal slot 15a into which the free end of the film isinserted for engagement therewith. A sleeve 20 is passed through andsecured to the receiving spool and is of such length as to extendbeyondboth ends of such spool.` Within the sleeve extends a rod 21,whose lower end is screw-threaded so as to screw into the upper end ofthe driving shaft 19 and which is provided at its upper end with a smallknob 22 connected with the rod in such manner as to be capable ofrotating the rod and also of partially rotating independently of the rodand at the same time capable of moving slightly longitudinally thereof.To this end, the knob has a pin and slot connection with the rod, theslot being inclined, all as clearly illustrated in detail in Fig. 1. Thepurpose of this independent longitudinal movement of the knob will behereinafter made apparent.

. The winding drum at its upper end is provided with a head 23 which isin the form of a spider and arranged to be removed from the drum orcylinder, but adapted 'to 'i be securedthereto to rotate in unisontherewith when in its proper position. In the present instance, thisspider 23 is inwardly flanged so as to fit within the bore of the drum,such flange being slotted at one point and thereat provided with a lug24C which fits within the inner side of the slot 14a of the drum. Thishead or spider is adapted to be operatively connected with some handloperating means extending outside of the camera box.

A suitable operating connec-` tion for this purpose is illustrated inthe drawings, Figs. 1, 5 and 11, wherein is 1 shown a rotatable handwheel or nut 2.5

having a downwardly extending sleeve@ which sleeve terminates in twoopposite engaging teeth or projections 25a. These teeth '.1

engage the hub of the spider 23 and to this end the same pass throughopposite slots 23a therein. It results from this construction andarrangement that by rotating the nut or wheel 25 the operator is enabledto rotate the winding drum or cylinder independently of its drivingmechanism, which independent rotation accomplishes a purpose hereinafterdescribed. In similar manner provision is made for rotating thereceiving spool by operating means extending outside of the camera boxand according to the present illustrated construction this result isaccomplished by the employment of a second hand wheel or nut 26 which isarranged above the nut 25 and is Similarly provided with a sleeveterminating in projections or engaging teeth 26a. The sleeve of the nut26 immediately surrounds the rod 21 and is concentric with the sleeve ofthe nut 25, inasmuch as it extends within the latter. The teeth 26a arearranged to engage corresponding notches or slots 2Oa in the sleeve 20,with the result that when the nut. 26 is rotated the receiving spool isrotated-in the same direction by reason of the engagement of the teeth26a in said slots 20a.

By the provision of the winding drum or cylinder and the receiving spoolcontained therewithin, and also the provisionoll the operating partsassociated therewith, I am enabled to transfer the exposed film from theexterior surface of the winding drum or cylinder to the receiving spool,such being accomplished within the camera box itself by simplymanipulating the operating connections on the exterior of the box andwithout removing the parts from the camera.

transfer' The result of this construction and arrangej by themanipulation by the operator of the -usual manner.

or cylinderand it is now desired to re-load the camera, the operato-rrotates the nut 26 in an anti-clockwise direction, Fig. 6, it beingunderstood that the forward end of the film has been threaded throughthe slot 14 and secured to the receiving spool in the This rotating ofthe receiving spool will cause the unwinding of the film from the drumand the winding thereof upc-n the receiving spool. When the entire filmhas been wound upon such spool' the entire drum and its containing spoolare withdrawn from the camera after the door 5 is opened, it beingunderstood that in this operation the rod 21 is unscrewed and removed,together with the operating nuts 25 and 26. Tt will be o-bserved thatthis operation of transferring and winding the exposed film from thedrum to the receiving spoolis accomplished entirely within the camerabox nut 26 which is arranged outsideof' the box. The receiving spool maynow be removed and the new one inserted. In loading the camera withanother film, thefilm is mounted on the spool 10 and the free endthereof is secured to the empty receiving spool just before theinsertion of the latter into the upper end ofthe winding drum orcylinder. The receiving spool is now inserted inplace within the drumand in this operation the forward portion of the film passes downwardlyin the slot 14a. The drum is now inserted in place and the rod 21 isalso inL sorted and screwed into vthe shaft 19. The door 5 is now closedand the film is advanced to the proper point to receive the first exposure, such advance or movement of the film being controlled by theoperator in the following manner: The nut 22 is partially turned by theoperator, with the result that the winding drum now has a slightlongitudin al movement independently of the rod 21, which movement issufficient to permit .the ratchets on the lower end of the drum to rideover their corresponding ratchets, with the result that the drum maybemoved in a clockwise direction, Fig. 6, independently of its drivingmechanism in the lower compartment.- ef the camera box. The operator, byrotating the lower nut 25 inward turns the drum in a clockwise directionto unwind the film from the film spool and to advance it to a positionproper for the first exposure. The extentI of this advancement oradjustment of the film is determined by the operatorby observing thefilm through a small sideA opening or window 27 preferably formed of redglass, Fig. 6. The camera is now not only loaded, but ready for imniediatc'use.

My camera is enabled to employ films of a considerable range as towidth, by reason of the adjustable spool brackets supported on the door5. To accommodate films of greater width than those capable of use inthe presentillustrated camera, the camera is simply made of largeproportions without any change in the general constructionor principlethereof.

By preference and as illustrated in Fig. 6, 1' employ a tension devicefor the purpose of pressing with a yielding pressure against the exposedfilm as it is being wound upon the exterior of the drum or cylinder. isherein shown, this tension device comprises a vertical rock shaft 28having its bearings in the top .of the box and also in the partition 6thereof and provided near its lopposite ends and within the compartment4 with two parallel forwardly extending spring arms 29 carrying betweenIthem. a roller or series of rollers 30, mounted to rotate in the outerends of such spring arms. These rollers are arranged to press upon theexterior of the drum, as illustrated in. Fig. 6 and also upon the filmbeing wound thereupon. In order to permit of the swinging of thistension device to an inoperative position, l extend the rock shaft 28upwardly through the to-p of the camera box and provide the same at itsupper end with an arm or handle 31 which is normally pressed against astop 32 formed on one of the indicating strips hereinafter referred to.This handle is made of resilient material, so that the same may beraised upwardly to clear the stop to thereby swing the roller 30 awayfrom the drum and to one of the inner corners of the film compartmentst. The tension device is removed or swung to this inoperative positionwhenever the film is being wound upon the receiving spool in the mannerhereinbefore explained.

Referring next to the driving mechanism for rotating or revolving theentire camera box and at t-he same time rotating the drum or cylinder,-Iarrange such mechanism in the botto-m of the camera box and below thepartition 6 thereof. This mechanism resembles in a general way a clockmovement so far as the driving spring and train of gears and pinions areconcerned and I provide the samewith a centrifugal governor Which isplaced under the control of certain adjustable devices for the purposeof varying the speed of the mechanism. Referring to the presentconstruction and particularly to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, I mount within aframe 33 a main driving wheel 34 opera.- tively connected in obviousmanner with the motor or spring` 35. ing wheel 34 meshes with a secondgear 3G which. is secured to the shaft or arbor 19 hereinbefore referredto as carrying the lower end ratchet 18 for operating the winding drumor cylinder. This gear 3G is connected with the governor pinion 3'? by atrain of gears comprising the pinion 38, gear 39, pinion 40 and gear 41.As

This main drivy shown in Fig. 1, the governor pinion is secured at theupper end, of a vertical arbor 42, on which is mounted in any suitableand well known manner a pair of centrifugal governor balls 43 connectedwith a pair of arms 44 connected at their lower ends with a frictiondisk 45. This disk is mounted vto slidelongitudinally of the arbor 42and -ward movement is limited by such shoe.

As shown more particularly in Figs. 1 and 4, this shoe marked 47 ismounted at the inner end of a lever 48 of the first class and fulcrumedat 49. This lever extends rearwardly and terminates preferably in abutton 50 for convenient manipulation by the operator and extendsthrough a vert-ical slot 51 formed in a plate 52 which is secured at therearward end ofthe frame 33 of the operating mechanism. The lever 48ismade lof resilient material or at least the rearward end thereof is somade, as shown in Fig. 4, that the same will be held with yieldingpressure toward the right hand side of the slot 51, Fig. 7. This side ofthe slo-t is provided with a series of notches 53 which are suitablygraduated and indicated with numbers beginning, in the present instance,with 10 at the lowermost notch and terminating with 35 at the uppermostnotch, such numbers representing seconds in time of exposure. One sideof the lever 48 is provided with a rib or liange 54, which is adapted toengage in and be retained by any one of the series of notches to whichsuch lever may have been adjusted. When the lever is adjusted, forinst-ance, in the lowermost notch representing ten seconds, the shoe 47is elevated to its highest position, so that the driving mechanism willbe free to operate at its fastest speed. When the lever is adjusted tothe uppermost notch representing thirtyfive seconds, the shoe is at itslowermost position and arranged quite close to the friction disk 45,with the result that the power mechanism will operate at its slowestspeed, and consequently the camera and. the winding drum will move at aslower rate of speed.

For determining and varying the number of exposure lengths of the iilmwhich are passed before the exposing slot, I provide thefollowingcontrolling mechanism: Ref

ferring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 3, the arbor 19 is provided atits lower end with a pinion which is operatively connected with alargegear or master wheel 56 through vthe medium of the two pinions 56 and57. This master wheel is mounted upon an arbor 56a as an axis, beingheld rigidly with respect to the tripod-head, and carries a disk 59which is provided with a series of notches 60 located at differentradial distances from said axis for a purpose hereinafter explained.These notches are arranged to coperate with a radially adjustable pin61, Figs. 1 and 4, which is adapted to be adjusted to a positioncorresponding with the desired number of exposure lengths to be exposed.When this adjustable pin is at its outermost position relative to theaxis 56, its path of movement is obstructed by the rst notch, that isthe notch located at the great-est radial distance from such axis, withthe result that the camera body, together with the entire powermechanism, will be stopped as soon as such notch is contacted by thepin. In this operation the camera and the winding drum have been rotatedto an extent corresponding with the greatest exposure lengths permittedby -the present construction of machine, which issix exposure lengths.When suchl pin is at its innermost position, its path of movement isobstructed by the notch, which is arranged at the shortestradialdistance from the axis 58, so that the camera body and the drivingmechanism generally will be stopped when the camera has made a partialrotation and the drum or cylinder has been rotated to .the extent of asingle exposure length. j

For the purpose of adjusting the pin 61 to a predetermined distance fromthe axis 56a, I mount the same 0n a radially movable arm 62, Fig. 4,which has a. longitudinal slot G2a toaccommodate t-he axis or arbor 562twhich serves as a guide in the movement of such arm. The inner end ofthis arm is operatively connected with an irregular-shaped lever 63fulcrumed at 64 and extending rearwardly. This lever 63 extends througha horizontal slot 65 in plate 52, in which slot the rearward end of thelever is laterally adjustable. This lever 64 is made of resilientmaterial in its entirety or as to its rearward end as shown in Fig. 4,

number of so that it may beheld with yielding pres. j

67 for convenient manipulation by the operator and the same is providednear such end .mechanism is adjusted for the greatest number ofexposure-lengths, but obviously when the lever 63 is adjusted to theposition indicating 0, said arm 62 will be adjusted to its innermostposition.

The outmost contact portion of the disk 59 while in effect a notch is,in the present instance, in the form of a projecting lug 69 extendingradially from such disk but extending inwardly only partially so as topermit the pin 61 to enter the notch 70 in the disk, Fig. 3, in positionto be contacted by the iirst or innermost notch 60. The pin 61 isextended upwardly from the-'sliding arm 62 and extends through asuperimposed oscillating plate 71, Fig. 4. This latter plate islongitudinally slotted so as to permit of the hereinbefore describedradial adjustments of the pin 61 and is arranged to be moved oroscillated slightly rearwardly whenever one of said notches or said lu69 contacts the pin 61 and slightly rocks t e latter in a rearwarddirection. This plate 71 constitutes the brake for the driving mechanismand to this end the same is.provided with an -arm 72 which is adapted tobe projected against the edge of the disk 45. In order to stop therevolution of the camera body gradually so as not to jar the mechanism,this arm 72 is formed as a spring. The described movement of the arm orplate 71 is made against the tension of a spring 7 3 which normallytends to hold the brake away from the disk 45. The plate 71 is connectedwith an arm or strip 74, Fig. 4, arranged to slide upon the lower :trame38 and provided at its rearward end with a projection or stop 75 whichis arranged in the path of movement of a Stop arm 76 de'- pending fromthe intermediate portion of a lever 77. ward end upon the same fulcrumas the lever 48 and is extended rearwardly through the vertical slot 51of the plate 52 and provided at such rearward end with an operatingbutton 78. .By preference this lever is normally downwardly springpressed by means of a spring 79 so that its stop arm will normally beiny position to engage the stop when the strip 74 is slid rearwardly atthe conclusion of an operation of the driving mechanism. After the twoadj-usting levers 48 and 63 have been adjusted for the proper range orarc of movement of the camera and for the proper. time-exposure,

the lever 77, which is an operatin lever, is

swung upwardly and thestrip 74 is thereby This lever is fulcilumed atits for-- released, with the result that the spring 73 automaticallywithdraws the brake from the governor, whereupon the drivin mechanisminstantly starts to operate. T e operation of this mechanism continuesuntil one of the notches 60 contacts the pin 61. As a result of thiscontact, the plate 62, as Well as the plate 71 are slightly oscillatedand the brake thereby moved to operative position to stop the governor.At the same time the strip 74 is shifted or slid rearwardly and engagedand retained in such position by means of the stop arm 76, readyfor thenext operation. The operation may be re-.

peated with the same adjustments, or said levers 48 and 63 may beadjusted to correspond ,with diiferent conditions of use, as may bedesired or required.

As hereinbefore stated,.tl1e operator is relieved of the necessity ofoperating the shutter as to either its opening or closing movements andto this end I leave the'lens entirely open,` that is unprovided eitherwith a cap or with the usual lens shutter and make rovision forautomatic operation of such s utter by the power or driving mechanism.-ln the present instance and as shown more particularly in Figs. 1, 4and 6, l connect t e bell crank' 8, hereinbefore referred to, with avertical link 8a pivotally connected at its lower end with a bell crank79 whose depending arm or member is in turn connected by means of a link80 withthe oscillating plate or arm 71. As a result of this connectionthe shutter is automatically opened at thevery instant that thegovei'nor brake is released and the shutter is closed at the veryinstant that such brake is put into action again to stop the governor.

As shown more particularly in Fig. '3 and by preference, l rovide meansfor 'varying the relative spee s of the revolution of the camera box andthe rotation of the film devic'e and in the present instance Iaccomplish this result by making provision for the substitution ofdierent sizes of pinions in place' of pinion 57 forming a part of thetrain of gearing between the arbor or shaft 19 and thelarge gear wheel56. To enable such different sizes or diameter of these substitutepinions to be properly brought into mesh with both the pinions 55 and58, I mount the pinion 57 on a stud 57'!L which is secured in anadjustable or swinging arm 57". This arm swings on the axis of thepinion 58 as a center and carries the stud 57 at a oin't intermediateits length and also provides for the adjustment of the'stud 57 ilongitudinally thereof so that the pinion l 57 maybe brought into meshwith the pinion 58 whatever the diameter of the former pinion may be. Asshownfin Fig.` 8, the arm 57" isjprov'ide'd with a longitudinal ,slot 57to different positions in whichv thestnd'may be adjustably held. Forthls ypurpose gef taper holding the arm 57b to the proper adjustedposition I provide the same with a thumbscrew 57 d adapted to engage inthe slot 33a in the frame or plate 33 of the power mechanism. In thismanner and by these means pinions 57 of different diameter may beemployed for increasing or decreasing the speed of the gear wheel 56relativeto the speed of the arbor 19 which `drives the film device. I amthus enabled to employ my construction of camera with lenses ofdifferent lengths of focus which require, of course, the passing of moreor less film according to the length of focus, it being understood thatthe longer the focus the more film is required to be passed yand viceversa. As will be evident, the diameter of the substitute pinions 57will bear a certain relationship to the length of focus of the lens,such relationship being readily determined by those skilled in the art.

It. will be understood Vthat the entire camera box is suitably supportedwhen in action by means of a tripod 81, the upper portion of which isillustrated in Fig. 1. This tripod 1s provided with an upwardlyprojecting bearing pin 82 having a slight and entering a correspondinglytapered opening 56b 1n the hub of the gear wheel 56 as shown in Fig.' 3.

By the proper setting of the adjustments, that is the buttons 50 and 67,the camera is causedv to expose any predetermined number of exposurelengths of film; that is, to make an exposure of any range varying froman arc of a circle to a complete circle and moreover the length of thetime of exposure in sections or fractions of a second is predetermined.In this connection it will be understood that while in the drawings,Fig. 7, I have illustrated the graduations for the time of exposure forseconds or rather for different seconds increasing as high as five foreach notch, the scale may be so graduated as tol indicate consecutiveseconds or certain seconds and fractions thereof of any degree.Furthermore, for the purpose of readily indicating to the operator theare or range of exposure of the camera at any particular adjustment, thetop of the camera box may be provided with a series of range nderscomprising radial lines formed there or in any suitable manner so as tocontrast with the body of the box, Fig. 12.v In the present instancethese lines are formed by thin metallic bars 83 radiating from a commoncenter and located sixty degrees apart, in the present instance, five ofthese barsv being used while the line of the points of attachment of thehandle 84 of the box may be employed in lieu of a bar, which would bethe sixth bar. Moreover these bars are numbered from l to 5 so as tocorrespond with the numbers, on plate 52 for indieating the rangeJ ofexposure or number of exposure lengths as shown in Fig. 7. For instance,when the button 67 is in engagement with the No. 4 notch s hown in Fig.7, the operator by simply glancing at the top of the camera box andobserving the relative positions of the handle and the particular barhaving the No. 4 upon 1t or adjacent thereto can readily perceive therange,

that is the arc of revolution to which the.w

camera is set or adjusted. I f, however, the button 67 is in the No. 6notch, as illustrated in Fig. 7, the operator will of course know thatthe camera is set or adjusted for one complete revolution because, underthe present illustrated construction, a complete revolution means theexposure of six exposure lengths of film. There is no No. 6 bar on thetop of the camera box but the line of the handle 84 suffices for thispurpose.

I cla-im:

1. In a panoramic camera, tion of an always open lens, a lm operatmgdevice, a shutter, a motor, andl separate means actuated by the motorfor operating the film device and also said shutter.

2. In a panoramic camera, the combination of an always open lens, a filmoperating device, a shutter. arranged adjacent the film, a motor, andseparate means actuated by the motor for operating the film device andalso said shutter.

3. In a panoramic camera, the combination of an always open lens, a filmoperating device, a shutter of the focal plane type arranged adjacentthe film, a motor, and separate means actuated by the motor foroperating the film de'vice and also said shutter.

4. In a panoramic camera, the combination of an always open lens, afilm-operating device, a shutter, a motor, and separate means actuatedby the motor for operating the shutter, film device and also the cameraas a whole.

5. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with a revoluble box providedwith an exposing slot or aperture, of a lens in the box7 a shuttergoverning saidfslot, a spring motor, means actuated thereby forautomatically opening and closing the shutter in the operation of thecamera, a film device whose lm is adapted to be drawn across the slot,and, separate means for operating the film device.

6. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with the revoluble box orcase having an interior partition with an exposing slot or aperture, ofa lens in the box, a shutter governing said slot, a film operatingdevice adjacent said slot, a spring motor and neans actuated thereby forautomatically opening and closing the shutter in the operation yof thecamera and separate means for operating the film device.

In a panoramic camera, the combination, with the camera box or body andthe the combinamechanism for revolving the same, of means for varyingthe range or angle of revolution or the number of exposure-lengths offilm, said means comprising a stationary disk and a stop controlled bythe operator and adjustable lto diiferent positions for Contact withradial distances from the axis of the disk,

and a movable stop controlled by the operator and adjustable todifferent radial distances to engage a notch corresponding with thedesired range of revolution.y

9. In a panoramic camera, the combination, With the camera box or bodyand the mechanism for revolving the same, of means for varying the rangeor angle of revolution or the number of exposure-lengths of ilm, saidmeans comprising a disk having a series of notches at different radialdistances from the axis of the disk, a movable stop adjustable todifferent radial distances to engage a notch corresponding with thedesired range of revolution, and a lever controlled by the operator anddetermining 'the particular position of the stop.`

10. In a panoramic camera, the combination, With the camera box or bodyand the mechanism for revolving the same, of means for varying the rangeor angle of revolution 0r the number of exposure-lengthso film, saidmeans comprising a disk having a series of notches at different radialdistances from the axis of the disk, a movable stop adjustable todifferent radial distances to engage a notch corresponding with thedesired range of revolution, an arm carrying said stop, and a lever forradially/moving said arm to adjust the position of the stop.

11. In a panoramic camera, the combination, With the camera box or bodyand the mechanism for revolving the same, of means for varying the rangeor angle of revolution or the number ofk exposure-lengths of film, saidmeans comprising a disk having a series of notches at different radialdistances -from the axis of the disk, a movable stop adjustable todifferent radial distances to engage a notch' corresponding with thedesired range of revolution, an arm carryingsaid stop and having alongitudinal slot to receive the axis of the disk, and a lever forradially moving said arm to adjust the position of the stop. v

12. In a panoramic camera, the combination with the camera box or bodyand the mechanism for revolving the same, of means for varying the rangeor angle of revolution or the number of exposure-lengths of film, saidmeans comprisin a disk having a series of notches at di erentl radialdistances from the axis of the disk, a movable stop adjustable todifferent radial distances to engage a notch corresponding with thedesired range of revolution, a lever controlled by the operator andoperatively connected With the stop, and a plate 52 having a slot 65through Which one end of the lever extends and one of Whose sides isprovided with a series of notches 66 arranged to engage the lever indiii'erent adjusted positions.

13. yIn a panoramic camera, the combination, with the camera box or bodyand the mechanism for revolving the same, of means for varying the rangeor angle of revolution or the number 'of exposure-lengths of film,saidmeans comprisin a disk having a sefrom the axis of the disk, amovable stopadjustable to different radial distances to engage a notchcorresponding with the desired range of revolution, a lever controlledby the operator and operatively connected with the stop, and a plate 52having a slot through which one end of the lever extends and one ofWhose sides is provided or the number of exposure-lengths of film,

said means comprising a disk having a series of notches at differentradial distances from the axis of the disk, a movable stop adjustable todifferent radial distances to engage a notchl corresponding with the,desired range of revolution, a lever controlled by the operator andoperatively connected with the stop, and a plate 52 having a slot 65through which one end of the lever extends and one of Whose'sides isprovided with a series of notches' 66 arranged to engage the leverl indifferent adjusted positions, said lever being formed of .resilientmaterial at its said end whereby the same: is held against the notchedside of the slot with a yielding pressure.

15. In a panoramic camera, the combina-V ries of notches at di erentradial distances tion, with the revoluble' camera box,' of 'I mechanism4for operating the same comgprising a motor and a tram of gearsincluding a centrifugal ball governor, and means crioperating with thegovernor :for .braking the mechanism, consisting ofa` spring armarranged to be pressed against thef governor at theconclusion of therevolution'- of the camera boxv and means for varying the' range iso ofrevolution and controlling the operation of said spring arm.

16. In a panoramic camera, tion, with the revoluble camera box, ofmechanism for operating the same comprising a motor and a train of gearsincluding a centrifugal ball governor, and means cooperating with thegovernor for braking the mechanism consisting of a spring arm arrangedto be pressed against the governor at the conclusion of the revolutionof the camera box, an oscillating arm on which the spring arm ismounted, and means for varying the range of revolution and for movingsaid oscillating arm to stop the governor.

17. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with the revoluble camerabox, of means for operating the same comprising a motor and a train ofgears and including a centrifugal ball governor, a friction diskrotatable with the governor' and moved thereby longitudinally of thedirection of its axis of rotation, a spring brake arm arranged to bepressed against the edge of the disk to sto-p the governor, a diskhaving a series of vnotches at different radial distances from the axisof the disk, a stop pin adjustable radially to positions to be engagedby different ones of the notches, and an arm carrying the brake arm andmoved by the stop pin at the conclusion of the operation of the camera.A

18. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with the revoluble camerabox, of mechanism for operating the same comprising a motor and a trainof gears including a centrifugal ball governor, an arm arranged to brakethe governor, a shutter, and an operating connection between saidshutter and the brake arm.

19. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with the revoluble camerabox, of mechanism for operating the same comprising a motor and a trainof gears including a centrifugal ball governor, means coperating withthe governor for braking the mechanism consisting of a spring armarranged to be pressed against the governor at the conclusion of therevolution o-f the camera box and an oscillating arm whichv carries thespring arm, a shutter, and an operating connection between said shutterand the oscillating arm.

20. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with'the revoluble camerabox and its film operating device, of means for revolving the camera boxand rotating the film device, and means for changing the relative speedsof the revolution of the camera box and rotation of the film device.

2l. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with the revoluble camerabox and its film operating device, of mechanism for revolving the camerabox, a driving connection between said mechanism and the film thecombinadevice for rotating the latter and including a train of gears,one of which is adjustable with respect to two adjacent gears inthetrain, whereby the speed of rotation ofthe film device may beincreased or decreased.

22. In a. panoramic camera, a film drum or cylinder on whose exteriorthe film is wound in the operation of the camera, and a receivingfilm-spool located cent-rally within the drum or cylinder and arrangedto receive the film from the drum.l

23. In afpanoramic camera, a film drum or cylinder on whose exterior thefilm is wound in the operation of the camera, a film-spool locatedcentrally within the drum and rotatable independently of-the latterAwhereby the lm may be transferred from the drum to the spool.

24. In a panoramic camera, a film drum or cylinder on whose exterior thefilm is wound in the operation of the camera, Va film-spool locatedcentrally within tlie'drum or cylinder and arranged to receive the filmfrom the drum, and means extending extraneous of the camera for rotatingthe spool independently of the drum.

25. In a panoramic camera, a film drum or cylinder on whose exterior thefilm is wound in the operation ofthe camera, and which is provided witha longitudinal slot,

and a spool mounted to rotate centrally within the drum and to unwindthe film from the drum, through the slot andonto itself as a receivingspool.

26. In a panoramic camera, a film drum or 'cylinder on whose exteriorthe film is wound in the operation of the camera, a film spool locatedwithin the drum or cylinder and arranged to receive the film from thedrum, means extending outside of the camera for manually rotating thedrum, and separate means for rotating the spool independently of thedrum.

27. In a panoramic camera, a film drum or cylinder on whose exterior thefilm is wound in the operation of the camera, and which is provided witha longitudinal slot, a rotatable spool located within the drum, a sleeveextending into the spool and secured thereto, and an operating deviceoutside'of the camera and provided with a portion extending therein toengage said sleeve to rotate the spool independently of the drum.

28. In a panoramic camera, a film drum or cylinder on whose exterior thefilm is wound in the operation of the camera, and which is provided witha longitudinal slot, end heads for such drum, one of which is removable,

the combinay tion, with a film-supply spool, of a rotatable drum fordrawing the film from such spool and presenting the same for eX- posure,and a receiving spool located Within the drum for receiving the exposedlm therefrom said supply spool being arranged outside said drum.

30. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with a film-supply spool, ofa. rotatable drum for drawing the film from such spool and presentingthe same for exposure, means for applying tension to the film as woundupon the drum, and a receiving spool located Within the drum forreceiving the eX osed film therefrom said supply spool bemg arrangedoutside said rum.

3l. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with a film-supply spool, ofa rotatable drum for drawing the film from such spool and presenting thesame for exposure, means for applymg tension to the film as Wound uponthe drum, comprising a spring pressed roller, and a receiving spoollocated .within the. drum for receiving the exposed lm therefrom saidsupply spool being arranged outside said drum."

32. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with a film-supply spool, ofa rotatable drum for drawing the film from such spool and presenting thesame for exposure, means for applying tension to the film as wound uponthe drum,fcomprising a spring pressed roller, means whereby such rollermay be moved to an inoperative position, and a receiving spool locatedwithin the drum for receiving the exposed film therefrom said supplyspool being arranged outside said drum.

33. In a panoramic camera, the combination, with a drum for moving thefilm and presenting the same for exposure, of a supply spool, asupporting strip l2, brackets in which the spool is mounted, saidbrackets being adjustable on said strip and longitudinally of the spoolwhereby spools and films of different lengths may be used, and apressure plate 13 which is mounted on said strip and adapted to pressopen the outside of the roll.

JOHN A. REEVES.

Witnesses:

S. E. HIBBEN, LoUIs B. ERWiN.

